Evaluation of Greenhouse Gases Emission Inventory in Iranian Gas Transmission Facilities and Pipeline

Document Type : Review Paper

Authors
Kazem Kashefi 1
Seyed Shayan Seif
Mohammad Sadegh Yousefzadegan 2
Esmaeel GhasemiKafrudi 1
Mohsen Mardehdi 3
Mostafa Tasbundi 4
1 Faculty of Research and Development of Energy and Environment, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, Iran
2 Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, Tehran Branch, University of Tehran , Tehran, Iran
3 National Iranian Gas Company, Tehran, Iran
4 Iranian Gas Transmission Company, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Identifying the right sources of pollution, followed up with accurate emission measurement, is the first but the most important step in reducing and controlling greenhouse gases. Methane and carbon dioxide emission of Iranian gas transmission facilities is discussed in this article. All compression stations and transmission pipeline across the country are within the scope of this research. Different emission types (fugitive, vent and combustion) in various operating modes (normal, maintenance, startup and process upsets) were considered and annual emission rates for all identified sources were measured or estimated, based on emission/activity factors methods. Stations age and capacity, type of turbines and compressors and the ratio of capacity to number of runs were considered in statistical analysis. The results revealed 25 emission categories, among which fugitive emission from station valves was the greatest with 37.8% share of total emission. Fugitive emission from blow-downs of launcher-receivers (20.7%), fugitive from above-ground pipelines (12.2%), combustion emission in stations (12.5%) and vent from compressor seals (10.8%) were the other emission sources, respectively.
Keywords
Greenhouse Gases
Emission
Gas Transmission
Compressor Station
Subjects
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  • Receive Date 06 February 2018
  • Revise Date 28 April 2018
  • Accept Date 19 June 2018